Oil burner for furnaces



July1o,1928. 1,676,471

C. ANDERSON OIL BURNER FOR FURNAGES Filed Aug. 5, 19276.

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July 10, 192s. `1,676,471

c. ANDERSON OIL BURNER FOR FURNACES Filed Aug. 5, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 zgg.

Patented July 10, 1928.

UNITED STATES CHURCH ANDERSON, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

OIL BURNER FOR FURNACES.

Application led August 5,1927. Serial No. 210,770.

This invention relates to an oil .burner for a furnace, and an object thereof is to provide a simple, but highly eflicient, means for diffusing liquid fuel under pressure into a current of driven air to form a mixture pf( high quality for use of furnaces and the To that end I provide a means for causing a preliminaryvmixture formed by a relatively strong discharge of liquid fuelinto a minor portion or charge of driven air; and

then forming a final mixture by driving the preliminary mixture angling and into the major portion of driven air. Another object of the invention is toform a mixture of fuel and air by driving both elements through nozzles toward a line that is the longitudinal axis of the nozzles, and then by deectors interrupt the flow of a portion of the air and all the fuel` toA form a preliminary mixture and then by additional means accomplish a final mixing of the major portion of the air with the preliminary mixture; to that end I provide rotary delectors arranged to abruptly throw a portion f the air inwardly toward -the longitudinal axis ofy the nozzles and simultaneously throw all the fuel outwardly from the axis through the deflected or interrupted air, thereby forming a'preliminary mlxture that is driven on outwardly from the axis to cross into and mix with the major portion of air that isdriven on inwardly toward the axis to form the final mixture.

A feature of invention is shown in the construction, combination and arrangement of the various parts whereby an air and fuel mixer is provlded that is hi hlyveificient to function with all kinds `o liquid fuel to form with air a.I furnace mixture.

Another feature of invention is shown 1n the arrangement and mounting of the fuel mixer shaft whereby it is balanced 1n a single ball bearing. That is, only one bearlng is utilized as one end of the mixer shaft telescopes over the end of a motor driven shaft.

Another feature of invention is shown in the construction, arrangement and operation of the parts of the ap aratus where they are easy to construct and) assemble, compact in arrangement and easy to handle inoperat/ona I A further object is to provide an oil burner that is neat and pleasing in appearance, 'and strong and durable in use. Other objects, advantages and features of invention may appear from the accompanying drawings, the subjoined detailed' description and the appended claims.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the lnvention.

Figure 1 is a fragmental plan view of an oil burner' for a furnace that is constructed in accordance with this invention showing-it hinged to a furnace door; parts illustrated. diagrammatically; also showing by dotted lines the oil burner in open position.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmental longitudinal section through the .discharge or nozzle end of the oil burner; showing in detail the means for mixing the air and liquid fuel.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmental longitudinal section on line 3 3, Fig. 1, showing in detail the construction and arrangement of parts in the oil burner.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross'section on line 4 4, Fig. 3.

F Fig. 5 'is another cross section on line 5 5,

'The oil burner includes an outer housing formed of shells 10 and 11 that are secured together by bolts 12. The shell 10 has its wall 13 extended outwardly and terminated inl a flange 14 to which the nozzle 15 is secured' by screws 16.

Anl inner'housing 17 is arranged' inside of the outer housing and is held centrally thercinby a lower pipe support `18 that is preferably integral with both the shell l0 and housing 17.

The housing 17 'is recessed at one end for a ball bearing 19 in which the hub 20 of a shaft 21 is mounted. The recess for the bearing is closed by a cap 22 securedvto the housing 17 by screws 23; also therecess is enlarged adjacent the ends of the bearing to form a chamber 24 that can be filled with lubricant so that thel balls of the bearing 100 will run in oil or grease.

l The chamber 24 is filled with oil or grease through an upper pipe 25 that is in communication with an oil cup 26 secured in a boss 27 on the shell 10 and also the purpose of the pipe 25 is to form an upper stabilizonl 1 ing connection between the inner and outer housings.

The hub 20 is extended and enlarged to form a spindle 28 that is provided with a threaded portion on which the hub 29 of a fan 30 is secured. The spindle is provided with'a socket 31 into whichl one end of a motor shaft 32 is secured so that when the lmotor 33 is driven the spindle, fan and shaft 21 will be rotated to drive air through the nozzle 15 and also rotate a mixer carried on the end of the shaft.

The construction, mounting and operation of the motor 33 are old and well known in the art and are, therefore, shown only semidiagrammatically.

Fig. 3, from whence it is driven by the fan' 3() through the nozzle 15; andthe air flowing over and around the motor will keep it cool.

.I The housing 17 is also recessed at the other end'to provide an oil chamber -38 through which the shaft 21 and also the inner cylinder 39 of a fuel `nozzle are extended. The cylinder 39 has a threaded inner end secured in the housing 17 and this cylinder extends loosely over the shaft 21; that is there is a space between the shaft and the inner wall of the cylinder 39.

An outer cylinder 40 has a threaded end secured in the housing 17 and extends over the inner cylinder 39 and is spaced away from it a sufficient distance to form a cylindrical fuel passage 41 that extends from the chamber 38 out through the discharge end' of a fuel nozzle formed by the cylinders 39, 40.

The chamber 38 is supplied with fuel oil from a pump 42 driven by the motor,33 semidiagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 1. The pump 42 can be of any rotary type and operated in Vany well known way to supply fuel to the chamber 38 through a pipe 43 that is connected with passage 44 that extends through the support 18, to the chamber.

In other words, the pump 42 is actuated by the `motor 33 to force oil through the pipe 43, passagey 44, chamber 38 and nozzle passage 41 to spray oil into the passage of air driven through the nozzle 1,5 by the fan 30 also driven bythe motor 33.

Preferably the shaft 21 and cylinders 39, 4() are tapered from their cross centers inwardly toward their longitudinal axis so that the orifice at the discharge end of the passage 41 is considerably smaller than the orifice at the inlet end; and so that the discharge of fuel as well as the air' driven ture of air and fuel.

b 'y the surface 53will be'driven toward the.

by rivets 52. The mixer shell 51 is tapered v outwardly from its inlet to its discharge end reversely to the taper of the air and fuel nozzles and all the parts secured to the threaded stem 45 rotate with the shaft 21.

The shell 51 has a thickened inlet end that is .beveled to form a deflector surface 53 that tapers inwardly toward the center of the deflector 46 so that it deflects a portion of the air passing through the nozzle 15 toward the rotary deflector 46 and across the path of the fuel discharging from the fuel nozzle to thereby form a preliminary mix- That is, air deflected deflector 46 and across the path of the fuel discharging from the fuel nozzle; and the deflector 46 throws the fuel outwardly through the deflected air and against the inner wall of the shell 5l adjacent an inwardly extending shoulder on the thickened end of the shell;

lThe fuel nozzle is arranged to dischargeving with shell 51 accomplishes a thorough mixing of the interrupted or deflected air with the fuel before it passes the deflector 48.

This preliminary mixture formed in the' chamber between the defiectors 46 and 48 is then forced on; and by means of the rear convex deflector 48 it is forced outwardly away from the longitudinal axis of the nozzles into the major portion of the air that is simultaneously being driven inwardly toward the longitudinal axis of the burner.

Also as'seen in Fig. 1 the oil burner is connected to the furnace wall 55 by a hinge 56. The oilburner is held in closed position by means of a forked flange 57 adapted to be tted over a stud 58 and is held closed by a pin 59.

As thus constructed the oil. burner can be held closed or opened to the dotted position shown in Fig. 1 so that the parts are easily accessible for cleaning or repair.

nozzles directed toward a lineextending axially and longitudinally through them, means for driving air and liquid fuel through said nozzles, and means adjacent the discharge end of said fuel nozzle for causing a preliminary mixture of the fuel with a portion of the air and then a final mixing of the unmixed air with the preliminary mixture.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1 and, said means including a rotary shell having a front and a rear deflector between which the preliminary mixture is formed, a spider interposed between the defleetors, and a shaft to which said spider is secured.

3. An oil burner for a furnace including an air nozzle, a fuel nozzle Within said air nozzle, said nozzles arranged to discharge air and fuel toward a line extending axially and longitudinally through said nozzles, a shell tapering outwardly from its inlet end, a

thickened inlet end to said shell having'aninwardly tapered surface adapted to divert a portion of driven air across the fuel discharging from the fuel nozzle, a shaft extending through the fuel nozzle and shell, a rotary defiector secured to said shaft adjacentl the inlet end of said shell that has a surface tapered outward and arranged at right angle to the tapered surface of said inlet end, a convex deflector secured to said shaft adjacent the discharge end of said shell that is spaced away from said rotary deflector to form a mixing chamber between them, and other means for forming a final mixture of the preliminarymixture and remainder of the air.

4. In an oil burner the combination of an outer housinga conical air nozzle connected to said housing that is arranged to direct air toward a line that isa continuation of the longitudinal axis of said housing, an inner housing arranged centrally in said outer housinghaving a fuel chamber therein, a fuel nozzle formed of inner and outer cylinders arranged with an annular passage `between them and having tapered ends that are arranged to discharge fuel from the fuel chamber toward a line that is a continuation of the longitudinal axis of said' housings, a shaft extending through the fuel nozzle, a tapered shell secured to Said shaft, a thickened inlet end to'saidshell that is tapered inwardly to form a deflector adapted .to deflect a portion of theair passing` through said air nozzle across the path of fuel discharging from said fuel nozzle, a rotary deflector on said shaft arranged adjacent the discharge end of said fuel nozzle -for defiecting the discharge of fuel across the path of the deflected air to thereby form a preliminary mixture and a convexAv defiector adjacent the discharge end ofsaid shell for the purpose specified.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto affixed my signature.

CHURCH ANDERSON. 

